GOJI-BEERE
Aktuelle wissenschaftliche Studien | 156-175
156: Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 1997 Sep;97(3):301-14.
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Zeaxanthin dipalmitate from Lycium chinense has hepatoprotective activity.
Kim HP, Kim SY, Lee EJ, Kim YC, Kim YC.
College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea.
We previously reported the isolation of zeaxanthin and zeaxanthin dipalmitate using bioactivity-guided fractionation to discover hepatoprotective components of Lycium chinense against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. The present study was designed to uncover the effects of zeaxanthin dipalmitate on hepatic parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells in vitro. Uptake of [3H]thymidine by cultured rat Ito cells in response to zeaxanthin dipalmitate was measured. Collagen synthesis was assessed by the collagenase digestion method. The effects of zeaxanthin dipalmitate on the formation of nitric oxide (NO) and the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from Kupffer cells and peritoneal macrophages were also assayed. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate showed a significant hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride toxicity. Cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) levels declined significantly with the treatment of the compound in a concentration dependent manner. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate significantly inhibited the uptake of [3H]thymidine by Ito cells. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate also reduced collagen synthesis in Ito cells by 65.1% (p < 0.05) as compared to untreated controls. The formation of NO in either Kupffer cells or in peritoneal macrophages was significantly decreased by zeaxanthin dipalmitate in a concentration dependent manner. The release of TNF-alpha was somewhat less affected by the compound. From these results, we conclude that zeaxanthin dipalmitate exerts a potent hepatoprotective activity by inhibiting Ito cell proliferation, collagen synthesis and by inhibiting certain biochemical functions of Kupffer cells.
Publication Types:
PMID: 9387190 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
157: Eur J Biochem. 1997 Sep 1;248(2):296-303.
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Specific alpha-galactosidase inhibitors, N-methylcalystegines--structure/activity relationships of calystegines from Lycium chinense.
Asano N, Kato A, Miyauchi M, Kizu H, Tomimori T, Matsui K, Nash RJ, Molyneux RJ.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, Japan. naoki22@po.incl.or.jp
An examination of the roots of Lycium chinense (Solanaceae) has resulted in the discovery of 14 calystegines, a cycloheptane bearing an amino group and three hydroxyl groups, and two polyhydroxylated piperidine alkaloids. Calystegines A7 and B5, in addition to the previously known calystegines A3, A5, A6, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2 and N1, were isolated and determined as 1alpha,2beta,4alpha-trihydroxy-nortropane and 1alpha,2alpha,4alpha,7alpha-tetrahydroxy-nort ropane, respectively. L. chinense also had two polyhydroxytropanes bearing a methyl group on the nitrogen atom, unlike the previously reported nortropane alkaloids. They were established as N-methylcalystegines B2 and C1, and their N-methyl groups were found to be axially oriented from NOE experiments. 1Beta-amino-3beta,4beta,5alpha-trihydroxycyclohepta ne was also present in L. chinense and may be a biosynthetic precursor of the calystegines that occur in this plant. Two polyhydroxypiperidine alkaloids, fagomine and 6-deoxyfagomine, were isolated. Calystegine B2 is a potent competitive inhibitor of almond beta-glucosidase (Ki = 1.9 microM) and coffee bean alpha-galactosidase (Ki = 0.86 microM), while N-methylcalystegine B2 was a more potent competitive inhibitor of the latter enzyme (Ki = 0.47 microM) than the parent compound but showed a marked lack of inhibitory activities towards most other glycosidases. Since this compound is a very specific inhibitor of alpha-galactosidase and inhibits rat liver lysosomal alpha-galactosidase with a Ki of 1.8 microM, it may provide a useful experimental model for the lysosomal storage disorder, Fabry's disease. The addition of a hydroxyl group at C6exo, as in calystegines B1 and C1, enhances the inhibitory potential towards beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase but markedly lowers or abolishes inhibition towards alpha-galactosidase. Hence, the N-methylation of calystegine C1 did not enhance its inhibition of alpha-galactosidase. The chemical N-methylation of calystegines A3 and B4 markedly enhanced inhibition of coffee bean alpha-galactosidase, with Ki values of 5.2 microM and 36 microM, respectively, but almost eliminated their inhibitory potential towards beta-glucosidase and trehalase, respectively. Thus, methylation of the nitrogen atom significantly altered the specificity of the inhibitors.
PMID: 9346281 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
158: J Nat Prod. 1997 Mar;60(3):274-6.
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New antihepatotoxic cerebroside from Lycium chinense fruits.
Kim SY, Choi YH, Huh H, Kim J, Kim YC, Lee HS.
College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea.
Two cerebrosides isolated from Lycium chinense fruits have been characterized as 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S, 3R,4E,8Z)-2-N-palmitoyloctadecasphinga-4,8-dienine+ ++ (1) and 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl -(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-N-(2'-hydroxypalmitoyl)octadecasph inga-4,8-dienine (2). While 2 is already known, the structure of 1 was determined by spectral and chemical studies. Incubation of CCl4-intoxicated hepatocytes with 1 and 2, respectively, significantly reduced the levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) released by injured cells.
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PMID: 9090870 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
159: Se Pu. 1997 Jan;15(1):54-6.
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[Determination of taurine in Lycium barbarum L. by high performance liquid chromatography with OPA-urea pre-column derivatization]
[Article in Chinese]
Xie H, Zhang S.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070.
Dried Lycium Barbarum L. is pretreated simply through shivering, homogenizing and centrifuging, and then the extract is passed through a cation-exchange column to exclude the interference of other amino acids. The effluent is derivatized prior to high performance liquid chromatographic separation on a Zorbax-C8 column. The derivatization reagents consist of A and B (1:9, V/V). A is 4% OPA solution in methanol (W/V); B is urea:sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) = 1:3 (W/V). The mobile phase is methanol:0.01 mol/L sodium acetate (pH 6.8) = 35:65 (V/V). The ultraviolet-visible detector is at 330 nm. 0.1-1.0 mmol/L taurine can be determined quantitatively. The recovery is 100.31% +/- 1.98%. Coefficient of variation is 1.94%.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15739436 [PubMed - in process]
160: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1996 Nov;21(11):675-6, 704.
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[Chemical constituents in the roots of Lycium chinense Mill.]
[Article in Chinese]
Zhou X, Xu G, Wang Q.
China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing.
Four compounds were isolated from the roots of Lycium chinense and identified as beta-sitosterol, betaine hydrochloride, scopoletin and E-ferulic acid octacosyl ester. The last one was isolated from the genus for the first time.
Publication Types:
PMID: 9812695 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
161: Mol Gen Genet. 1995 Dec 20;249(6):648-54.
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Alterations in chlorophyll a/b binding proteins in Solanaceae cybrids.
Babiychuk E, Schantz R, Cherep N, Weil JH, Gleba Y, Kushnir S.
Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, Kiev, Ukraine.
In this study we have constructed a number of plants (cybrids), in which the nuclear genome of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia is combined with the plastome of Atropa belladonna, or the nuclear genome of N. tabacum with plastomes of Lycium barbarum, Scopolia carniolica, Physochlaine officinalis or Nolana paradoxa. Our biochemical and immunological analyses prove that in these cybrids the biogenesis of the chlorophyll a/b binding proteins (CAB) of the light harvesting complex II (LHCII) is altered. Besides normal sized CAB polypeptides of 27, 25.5 and 25 kDa, which become less abundant, the cybrids analyzed have additional polypeptides of 26, 24.5 and 24 kDa. Direct protein micro-sequencing showed that at least two truncated 26 kDa CAB polypeptides in plant cells containing a nucleus of N. plumbaginifolia and plastids of A. belladonna are encoded by the type 1 Lhcb genes. These polypeptides are 11-12 amino acids shorter at the N-terminus than the expected size. Based on the available data we conclude that the biogenesis of the LHCII in vivo may depend on plastome-encoded factor(s). These results suggest that plastome-encoded factors that cause specific protein degradation and/or abnormal processing might determine compartmental genetic incompatibility in plants.
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PMID: 8544830 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
162: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1995 May;20(5):303-4, inside cover.
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[Protective action of Lycium barbarum L. (LbL) and betaine on lipid peroxidation of erythrocyte membrane induced by H2O2]
[Article in Chinese]
Ren B, Ma Y, Shen Y, Gao B.
Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan.
H2O2 was used to induce lipid peroxidation of RBC membrane in rats to observe the protective action of different ingredients of LbL and betaine on the membrane. The result shows these ingredients cna inhibit the lipid peroxidation of RBC membrane in the following order of antioxidizing power: Fructus Lycii.LbL.dry(FL/LbL.dry) > Polysaccharide FL/LbL > Residue FL/LbL > betaine.
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PMID: 7492366 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
163: Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 1994 Nov;16(6):428-31.
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[Observation of the effects of LAK/IL-2 therapy combining with Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in the treatment of 75 cancer patients]
[Article in Chinese]
Cao GW, Yang WG, Du P.
Second Military Medical University, Department of Microbiology, Shanghai.
Seventy nine advanced cancer patients in a clinical trial were treated with LAK/IL-2 combining with Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides (LBP). Initial results of the treatment from 75 evaluable patients indicated that objective regression of cancer was achieved in patients with malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, malignant hydrothorax. The response rate of patients treated with LAK/IL-2 plus LBP was 40.9% while that of patients treated with LAK/IL-2 was 16.1% (P < 0.05). The mean remission in patients treated with LAK/IL-2 plus LBP also lasted significantly longer. LAK/IL-2 plus LBP treatment led to more marked increase in NK and LAK cell activity than LAK/IL-2 without LBP. The results indicate that LBP can be used as an adjuvant in the biotherapy of cancer.
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PMID: 7720497 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
164: J Ethnopharmacol. 1994 Aug;44(1):11-8.
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Solanaceae as medicinal plants in Israel.
Dafni A, Yaniv Z.
Institute of Evolution, Haifa University, Israel.
In a recent survey, 106 local healers in Israel were interviewed concerning the use of Solanaceae as medicinal plants. The main findings reveal that: (a) only four species (Lycium europeaum, Solanum nigrum, Hyoscyamus aureus, Hyoscyamus albus) are extensively used today; (b) the use of some traditional plants has been almost abandoned (Datura spp., Mandragora autumnalis, Withania somnifera); (c) today all the plants are applied externally, they are rarely used as narcotics; (d) most use of these plants is local, only in a few cases is a uniform use found throughout the whole country, and in all ethnic groups; (e) the extensive distribution of modern, safe narcotics, sedatives and anaesthetics has reduced the use of the Solanaceae for these purposes.
Publication Types:
PMID: 7990499 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
165: Sci China B. 1994 Mar;37(3):286-92.
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Genetic transformation of Lycium barbarum L. via A. tumefaciens.
Du LQ, Wang HZ, Huang FC, Li AS, Shao QQ.
Institute of Genetics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, PRC.
A system for transformation and regeneration of Lycium barbarum L., an important Chinese medical plant, has been established. Young stem segments from Lycium barbarum L. were infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58cl(pGV3850::neo1103), and the transformed calli selected from the callus induction medium containing 50 micrograms/ml kanamycin could regenerate buds on differentiation medium containing 25 micrograms/ml kanamycin. 30% of the regenerated buds were normal in morphology. The normal buds could develop into whole plantlets after they were transferred to the rooting medium to induce roots. Nopaline detection, NPT-II enzyme activity assay and Southern blotting hybridization indicated that the foreign genes had been integrated into the genome of Lycium barbarum L. and expressed in the plant. In the processes of experiments, it was found that (i) after the pre-processes, the explants which formed callus quickly were easy to transform; (ii) the rate of normal regenerated plants from transgenic calli was higher than that from the untransgenic ones.
PMID: 8068193 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
166: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1993 Apr;41(4):703-9.
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Cyclic peptides, acyclic diterpene glycosides and other compounds from Lycium chinense Mill.
Yahara S, Shigeyama C, Ura T, Wakamatsu K, Yasuhara T, Nohara T.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan.
The chemical structures of four cyclic peptides, lyciumins A-D (1-4), three acyclic diterpene glycosides, lyciumosides I-III (5-7) and other three compounds, a tryptophan derivative glycoside (8), a monoterpene glycoside (9) and a steroidal glycoside (10) isolated from Lycium chinense, have been elucidated by a combination of chemical, 1H- and 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometric studies. Lyciumins are interesting because of their monocyclic octapeptides containing a novel C-N linkage between tryprophan N1 and glycine C alpha.
PMID: 8508472 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
167: Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 1993 Mar;26(1):89-93.
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[Plant regeneration from hypocotyl protoplasts of Lycium barbarum L.]
[Article in Chinese]
Tian HQ, Xiao YH, Liu WF.
Department of Biology, Wuhan University.
The hypocotyl protoplasts of Lycium barbarum L. CV. Ningji No. 1 were isolated in an enzyme mixture solution containing 1% cellulase and 1% pectinase. The protoplasts were cultured in KM 8 p liquid medium containing 0.3 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.3 mg/L BA, The first division of regenerated cells occurred 3 days after culture. The small cell clumps could be observed by naked eyes 20 days after culture. 40 days after culture, microcalli of 1-2 mm in size were transferred to MS solid differentiation medium containing 3% sugar, 0.1-0.4 mg/L BA and 0.05-0.1 mg/L NAA. About 30 days after culture on MS solid medium, the calli with shoots were transferred to 1/2 MS medium containing 0.1 mg/L BA and 0.2 mg/L IBA, from which 80% of them differentiated roots and regenerated whole plantlets.
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PMID: 8356855 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
168: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1993 Feb;18(2):110-2, 128.
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[Experimental research on the role of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in anti-peroxidation]
[Article in Chinese]
Zhang X.
Beijing Military General Hospital.
In this work, the changes in electrical parameters of cell membrane of Xenopus Oocytes were determined using routine microelectrode electrophysiological technique after incubation of the cells in frog Ringer solution containing free radical producing system for 6 hours. It was observed that the resting membrane potential was raised, and the membrane resistance and time constant were decreased. The effects of free radical on the cells can be prevented and reversed by incubation with superoxide dismutase or Lycium barbarum polysaccharide.
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PMID: 8323695 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
169: Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1992 May;27(3):159-61, 190.
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[Effects of Lycium barbarum L and Drynaria fortunei J Smith on in vitro attachment and growth of human gingival fibroblasts on root surfaces]
[Article in Chinese]
Liu B.
College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian.
In this study, the effects of Lycium barbarum L and Drynarna fortunei J Smith on in vitro attachment and growth of human gingival fibroblasts to root surfaces were investigated. The results revealed that the above herbs at dose of 1.25 mg/ml could improve attachment and growth of fibroblast, on the planed diseased root surfaces to a certain extent. When exposed to Lycium brabrum L cells on the diseased root surfaces increased markedly in number, with more even distribution, better spread, and more exuberant growth. Drynaria fortunei J Smith was not as potent as Lycium brabarum L. The results suggest that the two drugs may improve the formation of new attachment of periodontal tissue.
Publication Types:
PMID: 1292903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
170: Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1991 Oct;11(10):611-2, 582.
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[Radiosensitizing effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide for Lewis lung cancer]
[Article in Chinese]
Lu CX, Cheng BQ.
Cancer Institute, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan.
The radiosensitizing effects of the Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) were observed by the model transplanted Lewis lung cancer on C57 BL mice. When LBP alone was administered, it was not obvious that LBP inhibited the growth of Lewis lung cancer. The significant radiosensitizing effects were obtained by combination of LBP and radiation. The mean numerical value of the dose modifying factors (DMF) was 2.05. The results also showed certain radiation enhancement effects of LBP to acute hypoxic cells of Lewis lung cancer. LBP presented few toxicity to the mice.
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PMID: 1806310 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
171: Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 1991;18(1):90-6.
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[Inhibitory effects of Chinese medicines on SOS responses in E. coli and their mechanism]
[Article in Chinese]
Wang LH, Jiang ZS, Chen ZF.
Second Military Medical College, Shanghai.
Sixty kinds of commonly used Chinese medicines have been examined for their ability to depress the release of Lambda phage from lysogenic strain in the inductest. 11 Chinese medicines showed an inhibitory effects. Among them, Codonopsis radix, Polygonatum radix and fractus Lycium were strong depressors. They also showed an inhibitory effect on SOS response in SOS chromotest with a dose-effect response. These medicines were also found to decrease the frequency of gene conversion in S. cerevisiae in the presence of hydroxyurea. The effective compound (s) of Polygonatum radix partially purified from the extract with Sephadex G-25 chromatography was a reductive carbohydrate with molecular weight less than 3,000. The compound was shown to exert an inhibitory effect on SOS response occurred at 42 degrees C in E. coli GW1060 (recA441), but has no effect on SOS network gene expression in E. coli GW 1107 (lexA51), suggesting that Polygonatum radix may contain an inhibitor of RecA protease.
Publication Types:
PMID: 2029430 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
172: Chin J Biotechnol. 1991;7(3):185-9.
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Regeneration of transgenic Lycium barbarum L.
Wang H, Huang F, Li A, Shao Q, Niu D.
Institute of Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
A simple and effective system for the transformation and regeneration of Lycium barbarum L. has been developed. Young stem segments from Lycium barbarum L. were infected by Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a vector containing neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt-II) gene derived from non-oncogenic Ti plasmid. Calli originating from young stem segments on selective induction medium could differentiate into buds on selective differentiation medium rapidly and finally developed into whole plants. NPT-II enzyme activity assay and DNA hybridization indicated that the foreign gene had been integrated into the genome of Lycium barbarum L. and could be expressed in plants.
PMID: 1668526 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
173: Arch Exp Veterinarmed. 1990;44(3):389-94.
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Study into wild Egyptian plants of potential medicinal activity. Ninth communication: hypoglycaemic activity of some selected plants in normal fasting and alloxanised rats.
Shabana MM, Mirhom YW, Genenah AA, Aboutabl EA, Amer HA.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, A.R. Egypt.
31 desert plants belonging to 17 families were collected from different Egyptian localities. 21 plants extracts were orally given to normal rats, and 15 were tested on fasted and to alloxanised rats. The results were compared with a standard oral hypoglycaemic drug (Daonil, Hoechst) used as a positive control. The following findings were obtained: 8 plants exhibited persistent hypoglycaemic effects, Lycium shawii, Salvia (S.) aegyptiaca, Pergularia tomentosa, Convolvulus (C.) althaeoides, Haloxylon salicornicum, Ephedra alata, Scrophularia deserti, and Crotalaria aegyptiaca. Transient hypoglycaemic effects appeared only 1 hour after administration in response to 4 plants, Silena succulenta, Lygos raetam, C. lanatus, and Pulicaria incisa. In the cases of Ochradenus baccatus and Zygophyllum album, slow hypoglycaemic activity was produced and appeared 3 hours after administration. 5 plants showed hypoglycaemic effects viz, Thymus capitatus, Launaea nudicaulis, Conyza dioscorides, Nitraria retusa, and Limonium tubiflorum. Among the 15 plant extracts tested on alloxanised diabetic rats only 4 showed hypoglycaemic effects more potent than those of the administered dose of Daonil. These were Matthiola livida, S. aegyptiaca, Astragalus species, and Arthrocnemum glaucum. The hypoglycaemic effect of S. aegyptiaca in fasting rats has been confirmed also in alloxanised diabetic animals. This emphasises the importance of conducting both experiments in order to obtain a reliable conclusion.
Publication Types:
PMID: 2241476 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
174: Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1989 Nov;9(11):658-9, 644.
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[Measurement of MEFV in 66 cases of asthma in the convalescent stage and after treatment with Chinese herbs]
[Article in Chinese]
Fu JX.
This paper reported the measurement of maximal expiratory flow-volume curve (MEFV) for 66 cases of asthmatics in the convalescent stage. Among which the data of FEV, PEF, V75, V50, V25 in 35 cases (53.03% of the total) gave different abnormal as compared with healthy persons. It showed that in the convalescent stage, most of the asthmatics still possessed obstruction of airways and chiefly of small airways. 35 cases of asthmatics in the convalescent stage was given the Chinese herbal decoction of chiefly invigorating Kidney (Viscum coloratum 15g, Psoralea corylifolia 15g, Eucommia ulmoides 15g, Lycium chinense 9g, Tussilago farfara 15g, Artemisia capillaris 9g, and Pogostemon cablin 9g as daily dosage) for treatment of 10 weeks and measuring MEFV curves to observe their changes before and after treatment. The results showed that different parameters of MEFV was improved in some extent which suggested that the airway obstruction of asthmatics in the convalescent stage was reversible. In discussion, the authors indicated that the prompt treatment for asthmatics in the convalescent stage was conductive early to prevent emphysema and confirmed that the treatment with Chinese herbs of chiefly invigorating Kidney deserved to be propagated.
Publication Types:
PMID: 2611953 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
175: J Tradit Chin Med. 1989 Jun;9(2):117-24.
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A study on the anti-cancer effect of ningxia wolfberry.
Hu Q, Jia BL, Gao TS, E ZE, Gao YJ, Huo LM.
PMID: 2779273 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
176: Microbios. 1988;55:75-83.
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Niebla ceruchis from Laguna Figueroa: dimorphic spore morphology and secondary compounds localized in pycnidia and apothecia.
Enzien M, Margulis L.Collaborators (1)
Margulis L.
Department of Biology, Boston University, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
During and after the floods of 1979-80 Niebla ceruchis growing epiphytically on Lycium brevipes was one of the dominant aspects of the vegetation in the coastal dunal complex bordering the microbial mats at Laguna Figueroa, Baja California Norte, Mexico. The lichen on denuded branches of Lycium was far more extensively distributed than Lycium lacking lichen. Unusual traits of this Niebla ceruchis strain, namely localization of lichen compounds in the mycobiont reproductive structures (pycnidia and apothecia) and simultaneous presence of bilocular and quadrilocular ascospores, are reported. The abundance of this coastal lichen cover at the microbial mat site has persisted through April 1988.
Publication Types:
PMID: 11542138 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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