GOJI-BEERE
Aktuelle wissenschaftliche Studien | 61-75
61: Exp Gerontol. 2005 Aug-Sep;40(8-9):716-27.
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Neuroprotective effects of anti-aging oriental medicine Lycium barbarum against beta-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity.
Yu MS, Leung SK, Lai SW, Che CM, Zee SY, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RC.
Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Anatomy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
As aged population dramatically increases in these decades, efforts should be made on the intervention for curing age-associated neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Natural plant extracts of Lycium barbarum are well-known to exhibit anti-aging effects. We therefore hypothesized that they exhibit neuroprotective effects against toxins in aging-related neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether extracts from L. barbarum have neuroprotective effects against toxicity of fibrillar Abeta(1-42) and Abeta(25-35) fragments. Primary rat cortical neurons exposed to Abeta peptides resulted in apoptosis and necrosis. Pre-treatment with extract isolated from L. barbarum significantly reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In addition, it attenuated Abeta peptide-activated caspases-3-like activity. The extract elicited a typical dose-dependent neuroprotective effect. Effective dosage of this extract was wider than that of a well-known western neuroprotective medicine lithium chloride (LiCl). We have further examined the underlying mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects. In agreement with other laboratories, Abeta peptides induce a rapid activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by phosphorylation. Pre-treatment of aqueous extract markedly reduced the phosphorylation of JNK-1 (Thr183/Tyr185) and its substrates c-Jun-I (Ser 73) and c-Jun-II (Ser 63). Taken together, we have proved our hypothesis by showing neuroprotective effects of the extract from L. barbarum. Study on anti-aging herbal medicine like L. barbarum may open a new therapeutic window for the prevention of AD.
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PMID: 16139464 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
62: Food Chem Toxicol. 2006 Feb;44(2):170-8. Epub 2005 Aug 18.
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Increased IgA and IgG serum levels using a novel yam-boxthorn noodle in a BALB/c mouse model.
Lin JY, Lu S, Liou YL, Liou HL.
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC. jinlin@nchu.edu.tw
To determine whether yam-boxthorn noodle, a newly developed functional noodle, has immunomodulatory effects in vivo, we measured the changes in visceral organ weight, immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgE, IgG, IgM serum level and IgA level in the intestinal lavage fluid of female BALB/c mice after continuously consuming the test diet for 5 weeks. We found that body weights and absolute and relative organ weights (lung, heart, liver, spleen and kidney) in female BALB/c mice did not significantly change compared with those from the control group. The IgA and IgG serum levels in the experimental group significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner when the yam-boxthorn noodle concentration in the AIN 76 diet rose from 3% to 30%. However, the IgE and IgM level in the serum and the IgA level in the intestinal lavage fluid did not significantly change. These experiments demonstrate that the functional noodle, yam-boxthorn noodle, exhibits immunomodulatory effects in vivo with increasing serum antibody levels, especially in IgA and IgG. These results are valuable for future nutraceutical and immuno-pharmacological use.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16109455 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
63: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2005 Apr;30(7):534-8.
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[Effects of LbGp on the intracellular free calcium concentration of cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia and KCl]
[Article in Chinese]
Xu SL, Huang J, Tian GY.
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanfang 210029, China. slheart@njmu.edu.cn
OBJECTIVE: Hypoxia/KCl injury model in the cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (CMs) was established to investigate the protective effect of Lycium barbanun Glycopeptide (LbGp) on calcium overload. METHOD: Cultured neonatal rat CMs were divided into three groups, namely normal control, hypoxia groups and LbGp-treated group. CMs in LbGp-treated group and hypxia group were cultured in an incubator ventilated with 95% N2 and 5% CO2 with or without LbGP. CMs viability under hypoxia was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetry (MTT). The intracellular free calcium concentration in cardiomyocytes was measured by laser confocal microscope with Fura-3/AM as a calcium indicator. The protective effects of LbGp on the CMs treated by KCl (60 mmol x L(-1)) was observed. RESULT: As compared with normal controls, the degree of MTT metabolism was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in hypoxic group and slightly reduced in LbGp (P < 0.05). Hypoxia-induced enhancement of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) was attenuated by LbGp significantly (P < 0.01). Moreover, KCl-induced enhancement of [Ca2+]i was also reduced by LbGp at the doses of 25, 50, 100 microg x mL(-1) in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: The result suggested that LbGp is able to increase the survival ratio and inhibit the enhancement of the intracellular free calcium concentration in cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia and high potassium. One of the mechanisms is that LbGp acts on L-type calcium channels.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16011102 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
64: J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jun 29;53(13):5461-6.
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Dihydrocaffeoyl polyamines (kukoamine and allies) in potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers detected during metabolite profiling.
Parr AJ, Mellon FA, Colquhoun IJ, Davies HV.
Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, UK. adrian.parr@bbsrc.ac.uk
Four related phenolic amides previously undescribed from the species were revealed during metabolic profiling of potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers. N(1),N(12)-Bis(dihydrocaffeoyl)spermine (kukoamine A) and N(1),N(8)-bis(dihydrocaffeoyl)spermidine were positively identified by comparison with authentic standards, while the structures N(1),N(4),N(12)-tris(dihydrocaffeoyl)spermine and N(1),N(4),N(8)-tris(dihydrocaffeoyl)spermidine are proposed for the other two metabolites. Each amide was present at several tens of micrograms per gram of dry matter. Several of these compounds were subsequently detected in other solanaceous species, such as tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Nicotiana sylvestris. They appeared not to be present in Arabidopsis thaliana or Beta vulgaris. Bis(dihydrocaffeoyl)spermine isomers have previously been identified in only a single plant, the Chinese medicinal species Lycium chinense (Solanaceae), where they may account for some of the described biological activity. The other compounds have not until now been reported in vivo, though some of the equivalent hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives are known. The surprising discovery of kukoamine and allies in a range of solanaceous species including potato, a common food crop that has a long history of scientific investigation, provides exemplary evidence for the potential of the nontargeted techniques of metabolomics in studying plant metabolites.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15969534 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
65: Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2005 Apr;20(2):155-62.
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Therapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on irradiation or chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressive mice.
Gong H, Shen P, Jin L, Xing C, Tang F.
Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100050, China. haiyanggong@sin.com.cn
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on irradiation- or chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressive mice and cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS: In an in vivo experiment, mice were irradiated with a sublethal dose of 550 cGy X-ray or intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with carboplatin (CB) 125 mg/kg to produce severe myelosuppression. Four to 6 hours after the irradiation or injection, mice were subcutaneously (s.c.) injected with LBP (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) daily from day 0 to day 6. Blood samples were collected from the tail veins of mice at different time points, and peripheral white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and platelet (PLT) counts were monitored. In an in vitro experiment, human PBMCs were incubated with LBP at different concentrations in combination with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and the production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was tested. RESULTS: Compared to the control, 50 mg/kg LBP (LBP-L) significantly ameliorated the decrease of peripheral WBC of irradiated myelosuppressive mice on day 13, and 100 mg/kg LBP (LBP-M) did the same on days 17 and 21. All dosages of LBP significantly ameliorated the decrease of peripheral RBC of irradiated myelosuppressive mice on days 17 and 25. Two-hundred mg/kg LBP (LBP-H) and LBP-M significantly enhanced peripheral PLT counts of irradiated myelosuppressive mice on days 10, 13, 17, and 21, as did LBP-L on days 13 and 17. All dosages of LBP increased peripheral WBC counts of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressive mice to some extent, but there was no statistic difference when compared to the control. LBP-H significantly ameliorated the decrease of peripheral RBC of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressive mice on days 13, 15, 17, and 20, and LBP-M and LBP-L did the same on days 15 and 17. All dosages of LBP significantly enhanced peripheral PLT counts of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressive mice on days 7 and 10, as did LBP-H on days 13, 15, and 17, and LBP-M on days 13 and 15. Also, LBP could obviously stimulate human PBMCs to produce G-CSF. CONCLUSIONS: LBP promoted the peripheral blood recovery of irradiation or chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressive mice, and the effects may be the result of the stimulation of PBMCs to produce G-CSF.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15869449 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
66: Life Sci. 2005 Mar 18;76(18):2115-24.
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Effect of lycium barbarum polysaccharide on human hepatoma QGY7703 cells: inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis.
Zhang M, Chen H, Huang J, Li Z, Zhu C, Zhang S.
Department of Food Science and Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, PR China. zm0102@sina.com
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), extracted from Lycium barbarum that is a kind of traditional Chinese herb, is found to have anticancer activity. In this study, the effect of LBP on the proliferation rate, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in the human hepatoma QGY7703 cell line were investigated. The effects of this compound were also tested on the concentration of calcium in cells. LBP treatment caused inhibition of QGY7703 cell growth with cycle arrest in S phase and apoptosis induction. The amount of RNA in cells and the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ were increased. Moreover, the distribution of calcium in cells was changed. Taken together, the study suggests that the induction of cell cycle arrest and the increase of intracellular calcium in apoptotic system may participate in the antiproliferative activity of LBP in QGY7703 cells.
PMID: 15826878 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
67: Zhong Yao Cai. 2004 Dec;27(12):948-50.
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[Study on the extraction process of polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum]
[Article in Chinese]
Zhi F, Zheng W, Chen P, He M.
Wuhan Industry College, Wuhan.
OBJECTIVE: To choose the optimum extration process of polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L. METHODS: The optimal water extration process is selected with the orthogonal design. The yield and the content of polysaccharide were used to evaluate the factor levels. RESULTS: The ideal extraction process is: the polysaccharide is extracted with water for 3 times,with solvent volume 8 times amount each time (10 times amount for the first time), extraction time 1 h each time and stired 10 min each hour. CONCLUSION: The experimental results provide the basis for the water extration process of polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15807251 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
68: Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2004 Jun;24(6):679-81.
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[A rapid method for identification of genus lycium by FTIR spectroscopy]
[Article in Chinese]
Peng Y, Sun SQ, Zhao ZZ, Leung HW.
School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
In this article, a method of using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify 7 species and 3 variations of genus lycium (Gouqi) in China is described. This method is based on the additive IR absorptions of the chemical components and the differences of their relative contents in various Gouqi. These differences are reflected in the FTIR spectra. The method provides a novel fingerprinting technique for the identification and differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine. Such technique can serve as a rapid, simple, reliable and non-destructive analytical method for Gouqi as a Chinese material medication.
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PMID: 15766181 [PubMed - in process]
69: Cell Biol Int. 2005 Jan;29(1):71-5. Epub 2005 Jan 26.
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Transfer of transformed chloroplasts from Nicotiana tabacum to the Lycium barbarum plants.
Sytnik E, Komarnytsky I, Gleba Y, Kuchuk N.
Institute of Cell Biology & Genetic Engineering, Zabolotnoho street 148, Kyiv 03143, Ukraine. iicb@iicb.kiev.ua
Plastid transformation is an attractive technology for obtaining crop plants with new useful characteristics and for fundamental researches of plastid functioning and nuclear-plastid interaction. The aim of our experiments was to obtain plants with Lycium barbarum nucleus and transformed Nicotiana tabacum plastids. Plastome of previously engineered transplastomic tobacco plants contains reporter uidA gene and selective aadA gene that confers resistance to antibiotics spectinomycin and streptomycin. Asymmetric somatic hybridization was performed for transferring transformed tobacco plastids from transplastomic tobacco plants into recipient L. barbarum wild type plants. Hybrid L. barbarum plants containing transformed tobacco plastome with active aadA and uidA genes were obtained as a result of the experiments. The work shows the possibility of obtaining transplastomic plants by transferring the transformed plastids to remote species by using somatic hybridization technology. The developed technique is especially effective for obtaining transplastomic plants that have low regeneration and transformation ability.
PMID: 15763502 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
70: Phytother Res. 2004 Dec;18(12):1008-12.
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Antioxidant activities of some common ingredients of traditional chinese medicine, Angelica sinensis, Lycium barbarum and Poria cocos.
Wu SJ, Ng LT, Lin CC.
Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
The antioxidant activities of three popular ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, namely Angelica sinensis (AS), Lycium barbarum (LB) and Poria cocos (PC) were evaluated in this study. The results showed that aqueous extracts of these crude drugs exhibited antioxidant activities in a concentration-dependent manner. All extracts displayed an inhibitory effect on FeCl2-ascorbic acid induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate in vitro, with the order of activity LB > AS > PC. The tested extracts showed a superoxide anion scavenging activity ranging from 28.8% to 82.2% and anti-superoxide activity varying from 38.0% to 84.5%. Among the different extracts, LB extract exhibited the lowest IC50 values (0.77-2.55 microg/mL) in all model systems tested in this study. The present study concludes that LB extract possessed the strongest inhibition on malondialdehyde formation in rat liver homogenate, and superoxide anion scavenging and anti-superoxide formation activities. These results also suggest that LB extract is a good source of antioxidant agent in the daily dietary supplement. 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PMID: 15742346 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
71: J Exp Ther Oncol. 2004 Oct;4(3):181-7.
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Therapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on mitomycin C (MMC)-induced myelosuppressive mice.
Hai-Yang G, Ping S, Li JI, Chang-Hong X, Fu T.
Institute of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China. haiyanggong@sina.com
AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on mitomycin C (MMC)-induced myelosuppressive mice. METHODS: Mice were intravenously injected with MMC 150 mg/kg for two consecutive days from day -1 to day 0 to produce severe myelosuppression, and then treated by s.c. injections of LBP (100 or 200 mg/kg/day) from days 0 to 6. Blood samples were collected from the tail veins of mice on days 7, 10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 21, 24 and 27, and peripheral white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and platelet counts (PLT) etc. were monitored. RESULTS: LBP at 100 mg/kg (LBP-L) on day 14 and LBP at 200 mg/kg (LBP-H) on days 10, 14, 17, 19 and 21, significantly ameliorated the decrease of peripheral RBC, HGB and hematocrit (HCT) of myelosuppressive mice compared to the control. LBP-L on days 12 and days 14 and LBP-H on days 10, 12, 14, 17, 19 and 21, significantly enhanced peripheral PLT recovery of myelosuppressive mice compared to the control. LBP-H on days 12, 17, 19 and 21, significantly inhibited the increase of mean platelet volume (MPV) of myelosuppressive mice compared to the control. LBP showed no obviously effect on neutropenia induced in mice by MMC. CONCLUSION: LBP is effective on peripheral RBC and PLT recovery of MMC-induced myelosuppressive mice.
PMID: 15724837 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
72: Br J Nutr. 2005 Jan;93(1):123-30.
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Fasting plasma zeaxanthin response to Fructus barbarum L. (wolfberry; Kei Tze) in a food-based human supplementation trial.
Cheng CY, Chung WY, Szeto YT, Benzie IF.
Antioxidant Research Group, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common disorder that causes irreversible loss of central vision. Increased intake of foods containing zeaxanthin may be effective in preventing AMD because the macula accumulates zeaxanthin and lutein, oxygenated carotenoids with antioxidant and blue light-absorbing properties. Lycium barbarum L. is a small red berry known as Fructus lycii and wolfberry in the West, and Kei Tze and Gou Qi Zi in Asia. Wolfberry is rich in zeaxanthin dipalmitate, and is valued in Chinese culture for being good for vision. The aim of this study, which was a single-blinded, placebo-controlled, human intervention trial of parallel design, was to provide data on how fasting plasma zeaxanthin concentration changes as a result of dietary supplementation with whole wolfberries. Fasting blood was collected from healthy, consenting subjects; fourteen subjects took 15 g/d wolfberry (estimated to contain almost 3 mg zeaxanthin) for 28 d. Repeat fasting blood was collected on day 29. Age- and sex-matched controls (n 13) took no wolfberry. Responses in the two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. After supplementation, plasma zeaxanthin increased 2.5-fold: mean values on day 1 and 29 were 0.038 (sem 0.003) and 0.096 (sem 0.009) micromol/l (P<0.01), respectively, for the supplementation group; and 0.038 (sem 0.003) and 0.043 (sem 0.003) micromol/l (P>0.05), respectively, for the control group. This human supplementation trial shows that zeaxanthin in whole wolfberries is bioavailable and that intake of a modest daily amount markedly increases fasting plasma zeaxanthin levels. These new data will support further study of dietary strategies to maintain macular pigment density.
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PMID: 15705234 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
73: Phytomedicine. 2005 Jan;12(1-2):131-7.
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Lycium barbarum glycoconjugates: effect on human skin and cultured dermal fibroblasts.
Zhao H, Alexeev A, Chang E, Greenburg G, Bojanowski K.
Sunny BioDiscovery, Inc., 675 Hegenberger Road, 2nd floor, Oakland 94621, CA, USA.
Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae) glycoconjugates (LbGp) display an interesting array of anti-apoptotic and antioxidant properties, which may be beneficial for human skin. We therefore set out to determine the effects of LbGp in full-thickness human skin, and in dermal fibroblasts. It was found that LbGp decreased the level of MMP (matrix metalloproteinase)-1 significantly, but not that of MMP-3 or -13, in the whole human skin system, without compromising the viability of the skin. Consistently, LbGp inhibited skin expansion under mechanical stress, which in this model depends on the activity of MMP-1. We found that one of L. barbarum glycoconjugates, the LbGp5, promoted the survival of human fibroblasts cultured in suboptimal conditions. Furthermore, in the presence of LbGp5, these cultures also contained higher levels of the MMP-1 substrate--collagen type I. Together these results suggest that L. barbarum glycoconjugates in general, and LbGp5 in particular, may have important skin-protective properties.
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PMID: 15693720 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
74: Int J Cardiol. 2005 Jan;98(1):1-14.
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Comment in:
Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy and herbal medicines: the risk of drug interaction.
Izzo AA, Di Carlo G, Borrelli F, Ernst E.
Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy. aaizzo@unina.it
Use of herbal medicines among patients under cardiovascular pharmacotherapy is widespread. In this paper, we have reviewed the literature to determine the possible interactions between herbal medicines and cardiovascular drugs. The Medline database was searched for clinical articles published between January 1996 and February 2003. Forty-three case reports and eight clinical trials were identified. Warfarin was the most common cardiovascular drug involved. It was found to interact with boldo, curbicin, fenugreek, garlic, danshen, devil's claw, don quai, ginkgo, papaya, lycium, mango, PC-SPES (resulting in over-anticoagulation) and with ginseng, green tea, soy and St. John's wort (causing decreased anticoagulant effect). Gum guar, St. John's wort, Siberian ginseng and wheat bran were found to decrease plasma digoxin concentration; aspirin interactions include spontaneous hyphema when associated with ginkgo and increased bioavailability if combined with tamarind. Decreased plasma concentration of simvastatin or lovastatin was observed after co-administration with St. John's wort and wheat bran, respectively. Other adverse events include hypertension after co-administration of ginkgo and a diuretic thiazide, hypokalemia after liquorice and antihypertensives and anticoagulation after phenprocoumon and St. John's wort. Interaction between herbal medicine and cardiovascular drugs is a potentially important safety issue. Patients taking anticoagulants are at the highest risk.
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PMID: 15676159 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
75: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004 Dec;31(12):559-64. Epub 2004 Nov 18.
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Fermentation of a milk-soymilk and Lycium chinense Miller mixture using a new isolate of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU101 and Bifidobacterium longum.
Lin FM, Chiu CH, Pan TM.
Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
A milk-soymilk mixture was fermented using Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU101 and Bifidobacterium longum BCRC11847 at different inoculum ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 2:1, and 5:1). When the inoculum ratio was 1:2, the cell numbers of both strains were balanced after 12 h of cultivation. The pH and titratable acidity were very similar at the various inoculum ratios of cultivation. The milk-soymilk mixture was supplemented with 5, 10, 15, and 20% Lycium chinense Miller juice and fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU101 and B. longum BCRC11847. Sensory evaluation results showed that supplementation with 5% Lycium chinense Miller juice improved the acceptability of the fermented milk-soymilk. The fermented beverage was stored at 4 degrees C for 14 days; variations in pH and titratable acidity were slight. The cell numbers of L. paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU101 and B. longum BCRC11847 in the fermented beverage were maintained at 1.2x10(9) CFU/ml and 6.3x10(8) CFU/ml, respectively, after 14 days of storage.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15662546 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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