GOJI-BEERE
Aktuelle wissenschaftliche Studien | 46-60
46: Int J Mol Med. 2006 Jun;17(6):1157-61.
Related Articles,
Links
Cytoprotective effects of Lycium barbarum against reducing stress on endoplasmic reticulum.
Yu MS, Ho YS, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RC.
Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Anatomy, The University of Hong Kong, SAR.
Chinese medicinal herbs have been consumed for thousands of years for the purpose of healthy aging. Lycium barbarum is valued in Chinese culture for its benefits to anti-aging, vision, kidney and liver. Recent studies showed that extracts from L. barbarum possess biological activities including anti-aging, anti-tumor, immune-stimulatory and cytoprotection. Most of these studies emphasized that the protective function of L. barbarum is due to its anti-oxidative effects. We have previously demonstrated that extract from L. barbarum can protect neurons against beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide-induced apoptosis. Since Abeta toxicity may be mediated via oxidative stress, it is still unclear whether the extract from L. barbarum is a simple anti-oxidant exhibiting cytoprotective effects. We hypothesized that extract from L. barbarum is not simply an anti-oxidant in order to function as a neuroprotective agent. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the extract from L. barbarum (LBG) protect neurons via mechanisms independent of anti-oxidative effects. Using a reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), we found that LBG exhibits cytoprotective effects against reducing stress by lowering the DTT-induced LDH release and caspase-3 activity. DTT can trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress leading to PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) activation. We also showed that LBG attenuates DTT-induced PERK phosphorylation. The extract from L. barbarum is not simply an anti-oxidant; it can also exhibit cytoprotective effects against reducing stress by DTT.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16685430 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
47: Yakugaku Zasshi. 2006 May;126(5):365-71.
Related Articles,
Links
Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the improvement of antioxidant ability and DNA damage in NIDDM rats.
Wu H, Guo H, Zhao R.
Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
The effects of polysaccharide extracted from Lycium barbarum (LBP) on blood glucose, oxidative stress and DNA damage in rats with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were studied. The results show that LBP treatment (10 mg/kg.d) for 4 weeks led to decreased levels of blood glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in serum of fasting rats; and to increased serum level of superoxidedismutase (SOD). Furthermore, LBP could reduce cellular DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of NIDDM rats. The DNA damage was determined by using the single cell gel (comet) assay with alkaline electrophoresis and was quantified by measuring tail length and tail moment. These results suggest that LBP can control blood glucose and modulate the metabolism of glucose, leading to significant improvement of oxidative stress markers (SOD, MDA) in rats with NIDDM. And that, LBP decreases DNA damage possibly via a decrease in oxidative stress levels. In conclusion, LBP as a dietary supplement may prevent the development of complications or even tendency to carcinogenesis in NIDDM rats.
PMID: 16679745 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
48: Heredity. 2006 Jun;96(6):434-44.
Related Articles,
Links
Gametophytic self-incompatibility in Lycium parishii (Solanaceae): allelic diversity, genealogical structure, and patterns of molecular evolution at the S-RNase locus.
Savage AE, Miller JS.
Department of Biology, Amherst College, McGuire Life Sciences Building, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
We characterized allelic diversity at the locus controlling self-incompatibility (SI) for a population of Lycium parishii (Solanaceae) from Organ Pipe National Monument, Arizona. Twenty-four partial sequences of S-RNase alleles were recovered from 25 individuals. Estimates of allelic diversity range from 23 to 27 alleles and, consistent with expectations for SI, individuals are heterozygous. We compare S-RNase diversity, patterns of molecular evolution, and the genealogical structure of alleles from L. parishii to a previously studied population of its congener L. andersonii. Gametophytic SI is well characterized for Solanaceae and although balancing selection is hypothesized to be responsible for high levels of allelic divergence, the pattern of selection varies depending on the portion of the gene considered. Site-specific models investigating patterns of selection for L. parishii and L. andersonii indicate that positive selection occurs in those regions of the S-RNase gene hypothesized as important to the recognition response, whereas positive selection was not detected for any position within regions previously characterized as conserved. A 10-species genealogy including S-RNases from a pair of congeners from each of five genera in Solanaceae reveals extensive transgeneric evolution of L. parishii S-RNases. Further, within Lycium, the Dn/Ds ratios for pairs of closely related alleles for intraspecific versus interspecific comparisons were not significantly different, suggesting that the S-RNase diversity recovered in these two species was present prior to the speciation event separating them. Despite this, two S-RNases from L. parishii are identical to two previously reported alleles for L. andersonii, suggesting gene flow between these species.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16622475 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
49: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2006 Jan;31(2):106-10.
Related Articles,
Links
[Effects of light and plant growth regulators on growth of normal and hairy root of Lycium barbarum in vitro]
[Article in Chinese]
Hu Z, Wang YX, Wu YR, Li W.
Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China. hzh@stu.edu.cn
OBJECTIVE: To study effects of the cycle of light and exogenous plant growth regulators on growth of normal root and hairy root of Lycium barbarum and establish a long-term system of in vitro culture of L. barbarum roots. METHOD: Using normal roots from aseptic seedlings and hairy roots originated from Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4-mediated genetic transformation of L. barbarum, the growth of root segments was examined after 20 days of culture under different culture conditions. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: When cultured on the MS medium with different plant growth regulators (IAA, IBA, NAA), normal root segments of L. barbarum could elongate and branch, and the addition of 1 mg x L(-1) IBA into the medium was the most suitable for long-term in vitro culture of L. barbarum root. When cultured on MS medium without hormone, light promoted the elongation and lateral root formation of type II hairy root, but not of type I hairy root. Among three tested hormones, IAA at low concentration was the best for growth of type I hairy root, while 1 mg x L(-1) IBA was the most suitable for growth of type II hairy root. With the increase of hormone level added into MS medium, callusing frequencies of type I, II hairy roots were increased, at the same time, the formation of lateral root from hairy root or callus was inhibited.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16570792 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
50: Life Sci. 2006 Jul 10;79(7):613-21. Epub 2006 Mar 6.
Related Articles,
Links
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides: Protective effects against heat-induced damage of rat testes and H2O2-induced DNA damage in mouse testicular cells and beneficial effect on sexual behavior and reproductive function of hemicastrated rats.
Luo Q, Li Z, Huang X, Yan J, Zhang S, Cai YZ.
College of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China.
Lycium barbarum, a famous Chinese medicinal herb, has a long history of use as a traditional remedy for male infertility. Polysaccharides are the most important functional constituent in L. barbarum fruits. We systematically investigated the effect of L. barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on rat testis damage induced by a physical factor (43 degrees C heat exposure), on DNA damage of mouse testicular cells induced by a chemical factor (H2O2), and on sexual behavior and reproductive function of hemicastrated male rats. The results showed that LBP provided a protective effect against the testicular tissue damage induced by heat exposure. When compared with negative control, a suitable concentration of LBP significantly increased testis and epididymis weights, improved superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and raised sexual hormone levels in the damaged rat testes. LBP had a dose-dependent protective effect against DNA oxidative damage of mouse testicular cells induced by H2O2. LBP improved the copulatory performance and reproductive function of hemicastrated male rats, such as shortened penis erection latency and mount latency, regulated secretion of sexual hormones and increased hormone levels, raised accessory sexual organ weights, and improved sperm quantity and quality. The present findings support the folk reputation of L. barbarum fruits as an aphrodisiac and fertility-facilitating agent, and provide scientific evidence for a basis for the extensive use of L. barbarum fruits as a traditional remedy for male infertility in China.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16563441 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
51: J Nutr. 2006 Mar;136(3):588-94.
Related Articles,
Links
Hydrolysis of zeaxanthin esters by carboxyl ester lipase during digestion facilitates micellarization and uptake of the xanthophyll by Caco-2 human intestinal cells.
Chitchumroonchokchai C, Failla ML.
Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Zeaxanthin (Zea) and lutein are the only dietary carotenoids that accumulate in the macular region of the retina and lens. It was proposed that these carotenoids protect these tissues against photooxidative damage. Few plant foods are enriched in Zea, and information about the bioavailability of Zea from these foods and its accumulation in ocular tissues is limited. The amounts of free Zea and its mono- and diesters were measured for several plant foods that have relatively high concentrations of this xanthophyll. Wolfberry had the greatest concentration of Zea with a diester that accounts for 95% of the total. Free, mono-, and diesters of Zea were present in orange and red peppers, whereas only Zea monoesters were detected in squash. Zea esters were partially hydrolyzed by carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) during simulated digestion. The efficiency of micellarization was dependent on speciation with combined means of free Zea, Zea monoesters, Zea diesters from the digested foods of 81 +/- 8, 44 +/- 5, and 11 +/- 4%, respectively. When exposed to micelles generated during digestion of the test foods, Zea uptake by Caco-2 cells was proportional to the medium content (11-14%). Free Zea was the most abundant form in Caco-2 cells, although Zea monoesters also were detected (<8 +/- 0.7% vs. free Zea). CEL enhanced Zea uptake from micelles (12.3-fold; P < 0.05) by hydrolyzing Zea esters. After cell uptake, concentrations of free and monoesterified Zea remained relatively stable. These data suggest that dietary Zea esters are hydrolyzed by CEL during the small intestinal phase of digestion and that this conversion enhances Zea bioavailability.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16484529 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
52: Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2005 Dec;60(4):161-4.
Related Articles,
Links
Quantification of zeaxanthin dipalmitate and total carotenoids in Lycium fruits (Fructus Lycii).
Peng Y, Ma C, Li Y, Leung KS, Jiang ZH, Zhao Z.
School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
An HPLC-DAD method has been developed to quantitatively analyze for the content of zeaxanthin dipalmitate, a major carotenoid in Fructus Lycii, in different species of the genus Lycium. Determination was performed using an Alltima C18 column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and dichloromethane (42:58). The total contents of carotenoids in these samples were also determined by using UV spectrophotometric assay. Total carotenoid concentrations of different Fructus Lycii are within the range of 0.03-0.5%. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate is a predominant carotenoid, comprising 31-56% of the total carotenoids in Fructus Lycii. This study is the first systematic quantification of the carotenoids in the fruits of different Lycium species. The results demonstrated that these methods are reliable and facile techniques for rapid analysis of carotenoids for crude drug and plant-derived food supplements.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16395626 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
53: Arch Pharm Res. 2005 Dec;28(12):1381-5.
Related Articles,
Links
Potentially hepatoprotective glycolipid constituents of Lycium chinense fruits.
Jung K, Chin YW, Kim YC, Kim J.
College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University, Korea.
Further investigation of Lycium chinense fruits gave a mixture of (6'-O-palmitoyl)- and (6'-O-stearoyl)-beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and two glycolipids, 1-O-(9Z,12Z, 15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-2-O-(9Z, 12Z, 15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol (2) and 1-O-(9Z, 12Z-octadecadienoyl)-2-O-(9Z, 12Z, 15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol (3). These compounds were newly isolated as constituents of L. chinense.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16392672 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
54: Yakugaku Zasshi. 2005 Dec;125(12):981-8.
Related Articles,
Links
Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the improvement of insulin resistance in NIDDM rats.
Zhao R, Li Q, Xiao B.
Department of Biological Engineering, College of Environment & Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438 Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, P.R. China.
Lycium barbarum is one of the traditional oriental medicines. It has been reported to reduce blood glucose levels. In this study, the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on the improvement of insulin resistance and lipid profile was studied in rats, a model for non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The rats were divided into three groups: control, NIDDM control, and NIDDM+LBP. Diabetes model groups were made by feeding high-fat diet and subjecting to i.p. streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). LBP treatment for 3 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in the concentration of plasma triglyceride and weight in NIDDM rats. Furthermore, LBP markedly decreased the plasma cholesterol levels and fasting plasma insulin levels, and the postprandial glucose level at 30 min during oral glucose tolerance test and significantly increased the Insulin Sensitive Index in NIDDM rats. In the present study, we have tested that LBP can alleviate insulin resistance and the effect of LBP is associated with increasing cell-surface level of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in skeletal muscle of NIDDM rats. Under insulin stimulus, GLUT4 content in plasma membrane in NIDDM control rats was significantly lower than that of control (p<0.01), and GLUT4 content in the plasma membrane in NIDDM+LBP rats was higher than that of NIDDM control rats (p<0.01). In conclusion, LBP can ameliorate insulin resistance, and the mechanism may be involved in increasing cell-surface level of GLUT4, improving GLUT4 trafficking and intracellular insulin signaling.
PMID: 16327243 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
55: Evolution. 2005 Sep;59(9):2048-55.
Related Articles,
Links
Association of ploidy and sexual system in Lycium californicum (Solanaceae).
Yeung K, Miller JS, Savage AE, Husband BC, Igic B, Kohn JR.
Section of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0116, USA.
In North American Lycium (Solanaceae), the evolution of gender dimorphism has been proposed as a means of restoring outcrossing after polyploidization causes the loss of self-incompatibility. Previous studies of this process in Lycium focused on comparisons between species that differ in ploidy. We examined intraspecific variation in floral morphology and DNA content in populations of L. californicum to determine correlations between sexual system and cytotype. We also used nuclear ITS and GBSSI sequence data to determine whether diploid and polyploid forms represent the same phylogenetic species, and the phylogeographic relationships among populations and ploidy levels. Within populations, no variation in ploidy was found, although among populations there was a perfect correspondence between sexual system and cytotype. Diploid populations were all hermaphroditic, whereas tetraploid populations were all gender dimorphic. There was no clear geographic pattern to the occurrence of diploid and tetraploid forms. Phylogenetic analysis confirms that L. californicum, regardless of ploidy, forms a monophyletic group within the genus Lycium. Sequences from diploid and polyploid individuals did not form reciprocally monophyletic clades, indicating either multiple gains of polyploidy, ongoing gene flow between cytotypes, or lack of lineage sorting since the evolution of polyploidy. The correspondence between ploidy and sex expression is consistent with the hypothesis that polyploidization triggers the evolution of gender dimorphism in this and other Lycium species.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16261741 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
56: Se Pu. 2005 Jul;23(4):415-7.
Related Articles,
Links
[Resolution of carotenoid isomers in Lycium barbarum L. by heuristic evolving latent projection]
[Article in Chinese]
Lu H.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. lu_hongmei225@126.com
Lycium barbarum L., a kind of traditional Chinese herb, is found to have bioactivities such as anticancer, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and immunological activities. In both in vitro and in vivo studies, the carotenoids were found to be a class of the effective compounds. The carotenlysoids in Lycium barbarum L. were separated by high perforance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Seven peaks were obtained by HPLC on a C18 column with acetonitrile-methylene chloride (60:40, v/v) as mobile phase at a flow-rate of 1.0 mL/min. Most of the peaks that had been validated as single peaks in the 2-dimensional chromatography were found to be overlapping peaks. The overlapping chromatographic peaks were resolved by chemometric method--Heuristic Evolving Latent Projection (HELP) based on 3-dimensional data. As an example, the chromatogram and UV spectra of 4 isomers were obtained by resolving an overlapping peak. These results showed that the combination of chemometric methods and modern analytical instruments provides an effective method for the analysis of complex systems such as isomers.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16250456 [PubMed - in process]
57: J Biosci Bioeng. 2005 Apr;99(4):361-5.
Related Articles,
Links
A novel vitamin C analog, 2-O-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyl)ascorbic acid: examination of enzymatic synthesis and biological activity.
Toyada-Ono Y, Maeda M, Nakao M, Yoshimura M, Sugiura-Tomimori N, Fukami H, Nishioka H, Miyashita Y, Kojo S.
Institute for Health Care Science, Technological Development Center, Suntory Ltd., 5-2-5 Yamazaki, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618-0001, Japan.
2-O-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyl)ascorbic acid (AA 2 beta G) isolated from a popular traditional Chinese food (Lycium fruit) was synthesized using cellulase derived from Trichoderma sp. with cellobiose as a glucose donor. 6-O-(beta-D-Glucopyranosyl)ascorbic acid as well as AA 2 beta G was also synthesized in this reaction. The vitamin C activity of AA 2 beta G was also evaluated using inherently scorbutic (osteogenic disorder Shionogi [ODS]) rats. The rats were fed vitamin C-deficient food and water containing AA 2 beta G for 21. AA 2 beta G supported their growth and the level of vitamin C in tissues was moderately maintained. The vitamin C level in some tissues depended on the hydrolytic activity of AA 2 beta G (beta-glucosidase activity) although the correlation was not statistically significant (P=0.08). The results indicate that AA 2 beta G has pro-vitamin C activity.
PMID: 16233802 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
58: Arch Pharm Res. 2005 Sep;28(9):1031-6.
Related Articles,
Links
Antimicrobial property of (+)-lyoniresinol-3alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside isolated from the root bark of Lycium chinense Miller against human pathogenic microorganisms.
Lee DG, Jung HJ, Woo ER.
Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.
(+)-Lyoniresinol-3alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) was isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the root bark from Lycium chinense Miller, and its structure was determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy including DEPT, HMQC, and HMBC. (+)-Lyoniresinol-3alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from patients, and human pathogenic fungi without having any hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. In particular, compound 1 induced the accumulation of intracellular trehalose on C. albicans as stress response to the drug, and disrupted the dimorphic transition that forms pseudo-hyphae caused by the pathogenesis. This indicates that (+)-lyoniresinol-3alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside has excellent potential as a lead compound for the development of antibiotic agents.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16212233 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
59: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2005 Oct;26(10):1217-24.
Related Articles,
Links
Assessing phylogenetic relationships of Lycium samples using RAPD and entropy theory.
Yin XL, Fang KT, Liang YZ, Wong RN, Ha AW.
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China. yinx1805@nenu.edu.cn
AIM: To evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among related species of Lycium samples. METHODS: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting and lab-on-a-chip electrophoresis techniques were used to analyze the characteristics of Lycium species. Seven species and 3 varieties of Lycium were studied. Based on RAPD fingerprint data obtained from 11 primers, we proposed a new index, called dispersivity, using entropy theory and projection methods to depict the diversity of the DNA fingerprints. RESULTS: Using the proposed dispersivity, primers were sorted and the dendrograms of the 7 species and 3 varieties of Lycium were constructed synthetically by merging primer information. CONCLUSION: Phylogenetic relationships among Lycium samples were constructed synthetically based on RAPD fingerprint data generated from 11 primers.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16174438 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
60: Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2005 Sep;3(5):374-7.
Related Articles,
Links
[Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on tumor microenvironment T-lymphocyte subsets and dendritic cells in H22-bearing mice]
[Article in Chinese]
He YL, Ying Y, Xu YL, Su JF, Luo H, Wang HF.
Department of Pathology, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510405, China. Yahlihe16@163.com
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on tumor microenvironment T-lymphocyte subsets and dendritic cells in H22-bearing mice and the mechanisms for intervention of tumor immune escape by LBP. METHODS: H22-bearing mice were given LBP orally for two weeks. T-lymphocyte subsets and the phenotypes of dendritic cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: LBP could significantly increase the numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in TIL as compared with those in model control group (P<0.05). In model control group, the number of dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment decreased markedly, while in LBP-treated group, the increased number of dendritic cells and B7-1 expression were observed, but there were no significant differences between these two groups. CONCLUSION: LBP has anti-tumor effect probably by increasing the numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in TIL to relieve the immunosuppression and enhance the anti-tumor function of the immune system. But whether LBP can recover the phenocyte and function of dendritic cells in H22-bearing mice should be further studied.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16159572 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
nach oben96-115 | 116-135 | 136-155 | 156-175 | 176-187